Page 100 - eBook_Proceedings of the International Conference on Digital Manufacturing V2

Proceedings of the International Conference on Digital Manufacturing –
Volume 2

durations (20s, 40s, and 60s) were evaluated, although this range
may not encompass the entire parameter space. Analysis from
SEM/EDXS showed that the best microstructure was sample
S660-20 (660 °C, 20 s), which had the finest and most spherical
grains (average grain size: 2507.87 µm², circularity: 0.75).

Meanwhile, the worst microstructure was sample S680-60
(680 °C, 60 s) which had the coarsest grains (5254.69 µm²,
circularity: 0.69). Figure 37 shows the different of microstructure
image between the two samples and Table 13: Microstructure
comparison between the finest and the worst samples, as well as
the results of grain size. The study successfully demonstrates that
the DTM can produce fine, globular microstructures in
Aluminium 6061, with optimal results at lower pouring
temperatures and shorter holding times. These findings are
valuable for improving the quality of components produced via
SSMP (Tajudin, Ahmad, Alias, Alang & Naher, 2025).

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